Відповіді: Стр.201 (7)

a) the sport activities at your school or sports club If you want to keep fit you must go in for one kind of sport or another. Sport is an essential part of my daily life. Every morning all the year round I do my morning exercises. Almost every day I do some trains in it. In summer I go swimming or rowing. During my summer holidays I go on hikes. I usually spend my winter holidays in the country where I ski, skate or toboggan, I also go in for track-and-field (athletics) event. Different sports and games are popular with my classmates. All my friends go in for different kinds of sport, swimming, water polo, gymnastics, horse-racing, wrestling, boxing, ice hockey, speed skating, figure skating, football, basketball, volleyball, etc.. We have fine teams at our school and different kinds of competitions take place there. The boys of my school are crazy about football, they play football and the girls are football fans.

b) the general rules of volleyball

Volleyball is one of the favorite games among both girls and boys. Here are some basic volleyball rules. Volleyball is a famous indoor ball game played in a court in which 2 teams, comprising six players each play against each other. Volleyball is a highly recognized game and is also an Olympic sport. It has been played widely across the world.

The game is played in a rectangular court. One of the teams start with the serve and the basic idea is not to ground the ball during the process of the game. Whichever team gets to 25 points with a minimum point difference of two is declared the winner. There are certain prescribed rules for scoring points, rotation and violations durifng the game.

The game is played with a spherical ball made of synthetic and flexible leather whose inner segment is made of a rubber material. The court is rectangular in shape, with dimensions of 18*9 m. The court is dived into two equal halves by the net, which is set vertically above the center line of the court.

A volley initially decides the first server and whoever wins it begins the match by serving. The server can serve the ball underhand or overhand while standing behind the end line until the serve is completed. The only limitation in a serve is such that the ball must go over the net to the other side and is allowed to graze or touch the net during the process. No player must attack a serve on the first touch and he can only bump it.

Each proper serve will result in a point being scored by one of the two teams. Whichever team misses the ball or hits it out of the opponent’s court, have to give away a point to the opponent. Rally method of scoring is used here, by which the one who wins the opponent’s serve will earn a point and at the same time wins the next serve too. The team, which reaches the mark of 25 points and with a minimum advantage of 2 points adrift, will be declared the winner.

Whenever a side wins a point on serve, the six players on their side should make a clockwise rotation of their positions. This continues until one of the teams reach 25 points and win that current game. The failure of the players’ rotation shall lead to a foul.

During a volley, there can be a maximum of only three hits and no player should make two successive touches. When two players touch the ball at the same instance, it will be considered as a single hit only. They players are allowed to make a hit using any part of the body above the waist; The only goal is to hit the ball on or within the boundary line.

Certain limitations are there in the game. The ball should not be carried or thrown using the palm while making a hit. At no instance can the net be touched and the central line shouldn’t be crossed too. Players are allowed to go outside the court to pick up a hit during the process of a volley.

These are the basic rules that one should follow while playing volleyball.

c) a track and field tournament.

Track and field is one of the oldest sports. Athletic contests were often held in conjunction with religious festivals, as with the Olympic Games of Ancient Greece. For 11th centuries, starting in 776 BC, these affairs - for men only - were enormously popular events. During the Middle Ages organized track and field all but disappeared. The true development of track and field as a modern sport started in England during the 19th century. In 1896 the first modern Olympic Games were staged. Although initially of limited appeal, the Olympics captured tfye imagination of athletes and grew steadily, making track and field an international sport for the first time. In 1913 the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) was formed by. representatives from 16 countries. The IAAF was charged with establishing standard rules for the sport, approving world records, and ensuring that the amateur code was adhered to; it continues to carry out these duties today. The participation of women in track and field is a relatively recent development. In 1921 representatives from six countries formed an athletic federation for women, which merged with the IAAF in 1936.

d) the gym you train in

There are many opportunities to go in for sports in our school. Our school has a gym, a sports ground, a football field, a swimming pool, and other sports facilities. There are many different sports groups: table tennis, swimming, athletics, football, volleyball, wrestling, and rhythmic gymnastics. Many pupils of our school attend these sports groups. Our school encourage all our pupils whatever their level or area of interest to enjoy sport. Over the years our director has invested in our sporting facilities so that

our pupils have the very best opportunities to fulfil their sporting potential. Our modern gym, located next to the swimming pool and spacious playing fields, forms part of our excellent sports complex. The complex includes a fitness suite which can be used by both day girls and boarders. The gym is the place where students take part in enjoyable and varied PT lessons and after school activities.

e) the most important sports event at your school or city sports club during the last winter

The most important sports events at my school are competitions of running, jumping and football. In Kharkiv there are football match between different Ukrainian football teams.